Noble prize winner (நோபல் பரிசு வென்றவர்களின் பட்டியல்)

The Nobel Prize என்றால் என்ன?
Every year since 1901 the Nobel Prize has been awarded for achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and for peace. The Nobel Prize is an international award administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank established The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, founder of the Nobel Prize. Each prize consists of a medal, personal diploma, and a cash award.


Alfred Nobel - The Man Behind the Nobel Prize
Since 1901, the Nobel Prize has been honoring men and women from all corners of the globe for outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and for work in peace. The foundations for the prize were laid in 1895 when Alfred Nobel wrote his last will, leaving much of his wealth to the establishment of the Nobel Prize. But who was Alfred Nobel? Articles, photographs, a slide show and poetry written by Nobel himself are presented here to give a glimpse of a man whose varied interests are reflected in the prize he established. Meet Alfred Nobel - scientist, inventor, entrepreneur, author and pacifist.


நோபல் பரிசு வென்றவர்களும் அதன் விபரமும் (பெளதீகவியலில்) (1980--2007)

2007: Albert Fert (b.1938) from France, Peter Grunberg (b.1939) from Germany, for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance

2006: John C. Mather (b. 1946) , George F. Smoot (b. 1945) from USA, for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation

2005: Roy J. Glauber (b.1925), John L. Hall (b.1934) from USA, and Theodor W. Hänsch (b.1941) from Germany, for their (Hall & Hänsch) contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique and for (Glauber) contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence


2004: David J. Gross (b. 1941), H. David Politzer (b. 1949), Frank Wilczek (b. 1951) from USA, for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction


2003: Alexei A. Abrikosov and Anthony J. Leggett of the United States, and Vitaly L. Ginzburg of Russia for their work concerning two phenomena called superconductivity and superfluidity.


2002: Raymond Davis, Jr., United States, and Masatoshi Koshiba, Japan, for their research into cosmic neutrinos; and Riccardo Giacconi, United States, for pioneering contributions to astrophysics that led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources.


2001: Eric A. Cornell and Carl E. Wieman, United States, and U.S.-based researcher Wolfgang Ketterle of Germany for creating a new state of matter, an ultra-cold gas known as Bose-Einstein condensate.


2000: Zhores I. Alferov, Russia, U.S.-based researcher Herbert Kroemer of Germany and American Jack Kilby for work that helped create modern information technology.


1999: Gerardus 't Hooft and Martinus J.G. Veltman, Netherlands, for their theoretical work on the structure and motion of subatomic particles.


1998: Robert B. Laughlin, United States, Horst L. Stoermer, Germany, and Daniel C. Tsui, United States, for discovering a new form of quantum fluid that gives more profound insights into the general inner structure and dynamics of matter.


1997: Steven Chu and William D. Phillips of the United States and Claude Cohen-Tannoudji of France, for their work in cooling and trapping atoms with laser light.


1996: David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff and Robert C. Richardson, United States, for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3.


1995: Martin L. Perl and Frederick Reines, United States, for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics.


1994: Bertram N. Brockhouse, Canada, and Clifford G. Shull, United States, for developing methods of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter.


1993: Russell A. Hulse and Joseph H. Taylor, Jr., United States, for finding a twin star: a binary pulsar that helped prove Einstein's theory of relativity.


1992: Georges Charpak, France, for developing particle detectors and the multiwire proportional chamber.


1991: Pierres-Gilles de Gennes, France, for developing systems for analyzing complex matter such as liquid crystals and polymers.


1990: Jerome I. Friedman and Henry W. Kendall, United States, and Richard E. Taylor, Canada, for investigating the scattering of electrons and refining models of quarks.


1989: Norman F. Ramsey and Hans G. Dehmelt, United States, and Wolfgang Paul, West Germany, for inventing methods used in atomic clocks and ion trap techniques.

1988: Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger, United States, for developing the neutrino beam and discovering new types of neutrinos.


1987: J. Georg Bednorz, West Germany, K. Alexander Muller, Switzerland, for work revealing superconductivity in ceramics.


1986: Ernst Ruska and Gerd Binnig, West Germany, and Heinrich Rohrer, Switzerland, for designing the electron and scanning tunneling microscopes.


1985: Klaus von Klitzing, West Germany, for discovering the quantized Hall effect.


1984: Carlo Rubbia, Italy, and Simon van der Meer, Netherlands, for contributions to discovery of field particles involved in weak interaction.


1983: Subramanyan Chandrasekhar and William A. Fowler, United States, for theories explaining the chemical and physical process between stars and the universe.

1982: Kenneth G. Wilson, United States, for developing the theory of phase transitions.


1981: Nicolaas Bloembergen and Arthur L. Schawlow, United States, and Kai M. Siegbahn, Sweden, for contributing to development of laser and electron spectroscopy.


1980: James Cronin, Val Fitch, United States, for discovering new aspects of neutral K-mesons.


Thanks: Nobleprize.org